Photomicrographic apparatus.



R. L. WATKINS L R. HEAD.

PHOTOMIGROGRAPHIG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1908.

Patented May 11, 1909.

3 SHBBTS-SHEBT 1.

R. L. WATKINS & R..HEAD.

PHOTOMIGROGRAPHIG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 190B.

921,317. Y Patented May11,19o9.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

111s Nomus rzrsns ca., wasnmcn'm. n, c.

R. L. WATKINS dz R. HEAD.

PHOTOMIGROGRAPHIG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1908.

921,317.A 'Patented May 11,1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@51j L wtowem 1H: Namzls PErERs cv.1 wAsmNcroN, n. c.

ROBERT L. WATKINS AND ROBERT HEAD, OF NEW YORK, i\'. Y., SAID HEAD ASSIGNOR TO SAID WATKINS.

PHOTOMICROG-RAPHIC APFARATUS.

Application filed June 26, 1908.

ments in Photomicrographic Apparatus, ofv

which the following is a speciiication.

Our present invention relates 1n general to an improved apparatus for making pho-` tographs of magnitied images of small or.

microscopic objects and more particularly has for its object such an apparatus distin' guished by features entire apparatus camera, lamp, and

among others, first, the including microscope, accessories are adapted to bc combined in one connected piece of apparatus; second, these parts are so related and interconnected as to told up and telescope within the camera boX of tle apparatus, which then acts as asmall, compact carrying case for the entire apparatus. En addition, other features or advantages of the present invention will appear from the following specification.

In the drawings which show only one of the forms which our improvements may take, Figure l is a view part-ly in vertical section and partly in elevation of my apparatus as saine appears when folded up; Fig. 2 is a side elevation ot the same when unfolded, the particular condition shown being that immediately preceding the step of inserting the photographic plate holder to take a picture; Fig. 8 is an end elevation of tle apparatus in the same condition as in Fig. Q, looking at the said apparatus from the. right hand of said figure; F ig. et is an elevation looking at the apparatus from the back of the microscope with thc camera bor; unhinged andthe bottom section thereof lowered on the microscope tube to give access to the eye-piece in order that the operator may conveniently view the object from said eye-piece; Fig. 5 is an enlarged horizontal section partly in plan on the line 5-5 in Fig. 4; F G is a vertical section partly in elevation ot' a detail; Fig. T is a top plan view of the pan Ll1 and related parts.

Describing now our invention with particular reference to the devices of the drawings, and reserving it to the claims to point out the novel features, said devices shown comprise generally speaking a microscope Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1909.

Serial No. 40,438.

A, a combined camera and carrying-box B, and a lamp C. rhe microscope A. comprises a base l, a pillar 2, and a tube o. At the upper end ot the tube may be mounted an eye-piece and at its lower end an objective it will be noted in the particular form shown that the microscope tube is rigid on the pillar, the focusing being brought about by the up and down adj nstment of the stage which is the movable type sliding on rods 7 secured to the pillar 2.

The ine-ans shown for adjusting the stage comprises a vertical rack 3 on the inside of the pillar 2 and a pinion 9 in mesh therewith and mounted on a stem l having a lniurledhead ll secured thereto at one end, said stein iaving bearings l2 secured to the sliding' support 13 which upholds the stage. Obviously tur ing the lmurled-liead in one direction or the other acts to elevate or lower the on the rods 7.

ri`he slide containing the preparation or object to be viewed and p iotographed may be supported as usual on top ot the stage by the down pressure of the spring-clips 14. Also as usnal the stage may have a central 'opening to permit light to pass up from below through the slide into the microscope tube. Also a diaphragm l which may be of the iris type, may be provided to control the amount ot light. rlie diaphragm may be op rated by turning the knurled-head 16. Q and fr shutter l? is provided, ope able by moving th Y A arm l, to close or open at will t1 u peiling against the entrance ot' ligh "'r Y li the stage-opening. .it t shutter which is operated when talino thc picture. the slintter being t -f sr preferred type.

.' l0 is shown mounted on a t' "im the stage supporting aber a mir- .below the the stage-openn .n roscop., be.

The lamp C is shown folded into carrying position in l, and in unfolded or operating position in Fins. 2 and The lamp shown ot the aro type comprising carbons 2l, ajustable to and away troni each other7 tac upper carbon bein@- intended to be the positive carbon, in other words7 the carllO 'the lainp bon in which the crater forms, to obtain the benefit ot the intense light therefrom7 which being directed downward is best adapted to be reflected by the inirror up the microscope tube.

The supporting it'raine tor the carbons, best shown in Figs. l to 3, is designated 22, and has connected thereto a pair ot horizontally extending' rods 23 one over the other. Connecting these rods with the microscope base 1 are side ineinbers 24, two on a side, and each pivotally connected at one end with the microscope base and being connected at the other end with one of the rods 253. The purpose ot the construction is to permit the carbon supporting traine 22 to be swung into and out oi the positions shown in Figs. l and and tor this purpose the loueiV .side nieinbers 24 (compare end view in Fig. are located inside the upper side incnibers so that the former can clear the latter and occupy Ythe saine vertical plane when they are in the upturned position shown in Fig. fl. The upper side ineinbers 2li will preferably be hollow tubes in order to permit the wire connections to to pass through thein7 as will be inatter described.

ie ineans for attachingl the carbons coinprises hrst7 a clainp 25 on the traine 22 tor the lower carbon; and second, a vertically adjustable support for the upper carbon comprising in the particular torni shown a pair uprightly extending rods 26 and 27 troni the trarne 22. a clip 28 suitably perforated to slide up and down on the said rods7 one of which 2T is screw-threaded and is en- `caged above the clip by a knurled nut 29 and below the clip surrounded with a spiral spring' 30, which holds the clip elevated against the knurled nut. .L clainp 3l is carried by the clip to receive and hold the upper carbon. Obviously by adjusting the lnnirled nul 29, one way or the other, the upper rcarbon raised and lowered relative to the lower carbon to properly torni and regulate 'the arc.

The electrical connections to the lainp coinprisc a pair ot terminals 32. located in the particular device shown in insulatingl busliing's through the rear ot the microscope base, only one ot these being` shown in Fig. l. the other being directly in bach, on the saine. pla Ttroni thc terminals 32, an insulated wire slf proceeds to a resistance coil 235 mounted permanently at the base of the microscope. The actual inclosing boi: 36 tor the resistance coil would ordinarily be inade ot perforated inetal to provide for the cirg culution of air to the coil to avoid heating. rihe other end or" the resistance leads by an insulated wire 37 passed through one of the tubular side members to the supporting clamp 25 ot one of the carloOns. lWhereas the siuaporting clalnp 3l of the other carbon connects by an insulated wire 38, passed through the other tubular side member V24, with the oondterniinal 32, which as' already stated i in back of that. shown in Fig. l.

Obviously this completes the circuit for the box or case ll serves in two-told capacity, as an inclosing or carrying case, as in Fig s and second, as a camera boX shown in i and 3, it will be noted trein Fig.

l by disc-iu 'ing the catch 139, the box can io raised vertically oil' its bottom l0 to expose the microscope and permit the lainp to be hinged down into its operative position shown in Y To describe how the box B is supported in its elevated position of Fig. 2. it is necessary inthe iirst place to describe the ineinber 4l to which the bor is yadapted. to Abc secured. This ineinber is best seen in vertical section in Figs. l and (i, and in top `plan in Fig.Y 7, and coi iprises what inay be called a shallow l'ertangular pan havine' an opening` ri nigh its bottoni provided with. a surroundsleeve l2 adapted to receive through t rlhis sleeve has it' Ythe microscope tube.

secured concentrically to its underside a lockf ingl ring; the securing` ineans comprising' pins et G) located in circular concentric slots through the locking ring7 pins 1oeino secured to the sleeve Li2 andthe locking' ring slots permit-ting a partial turn Vto be g ven to the locking' 'On the opposite sides ot the microscope tube are two pairs oit vertical splines el?) separated by an intervening' space, these splines bein adapted to the worlr in corresponding,` ertical grooves in the interior ot the sleeve ft2 and locking' ring respectively.

llt will be noted upon referring to l" 'l and 6, that the length ot the upper pair oi. splines is equal to the height of the sleeve l2y whereby when the pan el is eleted troin the position in Fig. l to the position in Fig. t3, the locking rino 43 will. be located in the space between the upper and lower set ot splines, whereby upon turning' said ring; so that its spline receiving' groove is out ot line with the spline, the bottoni ot said ring` willv ride up on the ends ot the louf'er splines which being' inclined upwardly. as indica-ted in Figs. l and (i. Ytorce the bottoni ot the pan into binding` contact with the overhangina' flange #i6 of the inicrose tube or rather against a washer Vlot yielding` material interposed for the purpose. Thus the simple actot turning' the. locking' ring' in one direction or the other when the pan is in elevated `position serves to lock or unlock said pan from the microscope tube.

Upon comparing Figs. l and 6 it will be noted that the pan has an overhanging rim -lS adapted to be engaged by a correspondingly inwardly projecting .flange around the sides of the box B when the latter is elevated as shown in Fig. G. The object of this is to prevent the entrance oi light into the box B at the joint between it and the pan, while taking the picture.

The means toi' removably securing the box in the position shown in F ig. 6 comprises in the i articular form shown a pair ot stems projecting through the bottom of the pan Ll-l provided with exterior handles Si convenient to twist the stems about their axis, said uis being supported above in bearings 52 secured to the inside walls of the pan, said stems having their upper ends cam-heads (see Fi?, 6 and 7,.) the inclined 'faces t otl w iich are adapted to tallre under the lower end of vertical strips secured to the interior oi3 th box B, when the handles are suitably operated for the purpose. Said handles being also adapted to be operated to withdraw the permit the box to be lowered.

it will be noted (F Y) that the pan is oppositely slotted in vertical direction at 5G to permit the passage ot the strips 55 in lowering the box.

The box B at its upper end is provided with a cover 5.7 hinged at 5S, the box having high sides 59 at its mouth shown vertically slotte( at G0. ground glass frame (il is located between the sides 59, and springs 62 are provided one on either side with one ot their ends G2va anchored and their other longer ends @2b connected to the `ground-glass traine through the vertical slots GO. rlhe purpose ot' the construction is to give the ground-glass frame a normal downward tendency so that it closes the mouth of the camera box B in suitable position for viewing the image, at the saine time that it permits a plate holder to be inserted between the end oic the box and itself,

when taking the pictures. This or any other suitable mounting ot the groundlglass trame may be provided for the described purpose. lt will be noted that the camera box is also adapted to be hinged apart at ufl (seo Figs. 2. 3 and l) a suitable clasp 6% being provided to hold the two portions ot the box together in Fig. 3.

Describing now the general operation ot' the described devices, it will be assumed that the)Y are folded up into the contained 'torni shown in l. To unfold them it only7 necessary to release the catch 39 and then to elevate the box B away from the bottom or" the box until the lamp C is clear to permit it to be swung down into the position shown in Fig. 2. The box B may then be fastened to the pan 4l by manipulating the fastening devices 51 as previously described. Next the clasp Gel (Fig. 3) may be released and the top of the box swung down into the position shown in Fig. At this time the pan is still in its lowermost position of F i.. which is 'the position also occupied in Fig. el, in order that accessibility can be had by the operator to the eye-piece oi' the microscope. .Similarlyv it is for this same reason that the box is made hingeable at The opei'atoi' will now insert his slide or other preparation on the microscope stage and will manipulate the condenser, mirror, Yfor proper lighting to view the object and will then adjust the stage to and `from the objective by operating the lnurled head and will it' necessary manipulate the slide or preparation and do such other necessaryv things as to properly center the held desired to be photographed. The lamp etc..

l C will then be connected in circuit and lighted, and the can/era box hinged bach into its upright position of Figs. 2 and f'. Next the pan -ill will be raised on the microscope tube and the ring 43 locked, whererains trom under the strips and thereby upon the operator will lool; through tho ground-glass and will manipulate the mii'- ror. condenser and iris diaphragm, and other lighting' devices to give the proper illumination and also will manipulate the stage adjusting devices until a sharp focus is obtained of the image on the ground glass. "Y xt the shutter l? will be closed and a plate holder will be inserted underneath the ground glass and its slide withdrawn. llVhereupon opening the shutter for the necessary interval will expose the sensitive plate. which will thereafter be developed as usual. Then the apparatus can be again folded up as in l where it will be observed that the camera box serves as a container for the apparatus, a handle 65 being provided at the side to conveniently7 carryY it. vloreover when folded up, it will be .noted that there is no waste space and tuitlnei' that the microscope is supported against movement in all directions.

uxiliaij means is shown in Figs. l, 2, -l and T tor viewingthe image on the screen oiC ground glass or other suitable material without opening the lid 57 to view said image :troni the top end ot' the camera box in the usual manner, said auxiliary means comprising in the particular form shown a ovlindrhfal casing 66 closed at'its bottoni and cominunicating above with an opening through the bottoni of the pan del. A mii'- ror T5 is contained at a suitable retlecting angle within the casing (i6 to permit the viewing ot the image on the screen through the eye-(mening TO. the latter being in the end ot a tulgie connected with a sleevtl GS movably surrounding the cylindrical casing G6, said casing having' an opening 6T l in its Vside adapted to register with the open` ing in thetube BQWhen-thetub'e 69 is swung;

intozposition.- shovvn Yinv Fig.; l, whereby Ylook-l ingfthrongh the eye-opening `ITO permits the imageon the screen to be viewed as reflected 1n'm1rror'75. 0f course it Will be underv stood that the device will be used `When the pan 1li is in its uppermost position on the microscope tube 3 with the camera boxB` also in its uppermost` position as Vfor example shown in Fig. 2. At such time, the

operator looking through the eye-opening` 7 0v and'manipulatingthe focusing and ot-her adjusting vand lightingdevices can tocus the image s arply on the screen preparatory to `raking an exposure Without removing the cover 57 or otherwise.manipulating devices ed to contact with the end of a set 'screw 72 Working in a bracket T3 from the basel oi"V the microscope, whereby adjust-ing said set screw in one direction orvthe other raises or lovvers the said supporting arms 24 and oonsequentlvr the carbon; rcarrying iframeV Within the desired limits of vertical adjustment.

llavingthus described our invention, what We claim is:

l. Ji photomicrograpllic apparatus com prising-in `combination a microscope, a Abox adapted to act both a container for the microscope and as a. camera box, comprising a bottom at themicroscope base, sides -separable trom said. bottom and elevatable into picture taking; position, .a secondary bottom surround ing` the microscope tube adapted to have a vlight-tight joint ivith the sides of the vbox when in elevated position and to be` secured thereto, saidbox near its top end being adapted to receivefa sensitive film.

2., A photomicrographic apparatus Acomprising; in combinationt a: microscope, a box adapted to actboth as a container and as a camera box, comprising a bottoni at the microscope base, sides separable from said bottomi and elevatableinto picture takingA position, a secondary bottom surrounding the microscope tube adapted to have a lighttight joint vvith the sides of the box When in elevated position and to bei secured thereto, said box near the eye-piece end ot the micro'- scop'e tube being-separable to give the operator-access to the eye-piece, and said box toward its top end being adapted to receive a sensitive film.

3.,jr photomicrogiaphic apparatus com p ising` in combination a microscope, includingl a. stage a andgstage; lighting devices; a

as a camera box comprising a bottoni at thel microscope base, sides separable from said bottom and elevatable into picture taking.

position, a secondary bottom surrounding the microscope tube adapted to have a lighttight joint vvith the sides of the box When in elevated*position and to be secured thereto, said box toward its top end being adapted lto receive a sensitive lilm.

el. photomicrographic apparatus comprising in combination a inicroscopehaving a base, pillar and tube with vertically ad- ,instable stage having a shutter adapted to control the stage opening, and meansfor lighting said stage; and a combined container and camera box having a bottom at the microscope base, sides separable from said bottom. and elevatable into picture taking position, a secondary bottom surrounding the microscope tube adapted to have a light-tight joint with the sides-ot the box when in lelevated position, said box toward its-top end being adapted to receive-a sensitive tilnr.

A photomicrographic apparatus comprising in combination a microscope, a box adapted to act both as a container and as a camera box having its bottoni at the microscope base With sides separable from said bottom and elevatable into picture taking position, a I secondary' bottom with' sleevesurrounded opening having'sliding t With the microscope tube Vand adapted to be secured in a given position thereon, said bottom-being adapted to have a light-#tight joint' with the sides of the box'ivhen inelevated'pcsition, and to be secured thereto, said box toward its top end being adapted to receive a sensitive hlm.'

6. photoniicrographic apparatus comprisingl in combination a microscope; a box adapted to act as a combined container and camera box, said box having its bottom at the microscope base, sides separable from said bottom and adapted to be'elevated Yinto picture taking position, a secondary bottom surrounding the microscope tube and htm/ing up and down adjustment thereon, said bottom being adapted to have a light-tight connection iviththe sides o t the box when in elevated position, said box at the eye-piece end ot the microscope being` separable to give access by the operator to andv being adapted toward its top end to receive a sensitive film.

T. fr photomicrographic apparatus com prising in combination a `microscope g' a com'- bined container and camera box having Yits bottomf-at the microscope 1base,sides elevatl'YV the eye-piece able ofi said bottoni into picture taking position. a secondaryY bottom with sleeve-snrionnded opening having a sliding with the microscope tribe, said sleeve being' splined on said tube which latter has an overhanging top Flange. said sleeve having` a l-f'cliing ring also splined on said t-nhe7 Which ring' when the secondary hottoin in elerated position against ihe oi'erhanging tang'c on the microscope tnhe, is adapted to lic tnrned to bring the bottoni of said ring into locking' contact with the. ends oit the splines on the microscope tnhe, which at this point are @ismintinnousy said secondary hottoin heingj adapted to have a light-tight joint with the sides ot the hor; when in elevated position and to be secured thereto.

S. fi photoinicrographic apparatus coinprising` in combination a microscope. a folding;- arc lainp pirotall;v connected to the microscope hase adapted to be brought into elevated position over said hase and when in said position to he inclosed by the sides or' lios tclescoped over the microscope. said lan p when lowered ont oi? ele'ated position being adapted to furnish light to l'he microscope. and comprising` a carbon snpporting traine adapted to support the carbons in vertical relation adjustable to and 'troni each othe said raine being pivotally cimnectcd ln' lside ineinhers to the microscope hase.

fl. 'l photonncrographic apparat-ns coinprising in combination a microscope; an arc larnp comprising a carbon snpimrting frame adapted to support the cai-bons in vertical relation and adjustable to and roni eac-h other. said raine being pii'otally connected oy hollow side ineinners to the microscope hase to he elevated into vertical position over said hase and to he lowered as desired into operative position With the carhonsI vertical; electrical connections to said caroons including` leads passed through said hollow side ineinhers and a resistance at the hase of the microscope; and a nox adapted to he telescoped down over the microscope with its sides inclosing the arc lainp in ele- Yated position.

l0. A photoniicrographic apparatus coinprisingg` in combination a microscope; a caniera hoi; operatively connected therewith. .sf-id camera hoX having a screen adapted to have Yfocused upon it the iinagve; and a inirror inonnted in connection n* h the cain r: hoi: adapted io reflect through an eye-opening the image on the screen.

ll. fr photoinicij'ographic apparatus coinprising; in combination a microscope; a lanip; a lamp-snpporiing nieniher pi'vctaliy connecting' the lamp and the `microscope hase; and adjustment means between said nieniher and the microscope hase conaprisinpl a screw on one orp said parts adjnstahle in contact with the other to raise and lower the la inpsupportingineinher.

1Q. A photoinicrographic apparatus coinprisingj in combination microscope; a, caniera box operaively connected therewith. said caineraA boe: liaiins;` a screen adapted to have 'focused npon it the image, said camera box having an opening` through its bottoni leading to a cylindrical casing; said casingl containing a mirror positioned to reflect the image from the screen through an opening' in the side of the casing, said casing being' surrounded by a rotatable sleeve haring an opening adapted to register with the opering through the casing and carrying at said opening a tnhnlar extension with end eyeopeninp.

n Witness whereof we have signed our naines to the i'oregoing specilication in the presence of two snhscrihing Witnesses.

BO ERT L. Vr-LTKTNS ROBERT HEAD.

witnesses J. M. )-irialrnn'r, Hannan CLAUSING. 

